diff --git a/pkg/R/print.xtable.R b/pkg/R/print.xtable.R
index 0dca4bb..5d89fbc 100644
--- a/pkg/R/print.xtable.R
+++ b/pkg/R/print.xtable.R
@@ -296,7 +296,9 @@ print.xtable <- function(x,
               "}\n"),
               sep = "", collapse = ""),
             sep = "")
-
+    ## fix 05-26-22
+    BLABEL <- "\\label{"
+    ELABEL <- "}\n"
     ## fix 10-26-09 (robert.castelo@upf.edu) the following
     ## 'if' condition is added here to support
     ## a caption on the top of a longtable
@@ -306,11 +308,17 @@ print.xtable <- function(x,
       } else {
         BCAPTION <- paste("\\caption[", short.caption, "]{", sep = "")
       }
-      ECAPTION <- "} \\\\ \n"
+      ECAPTION <- "} \n"
+      EHEADER <- "\\\\"
       if ((!is.null(caption)) && (type == "latex")) {
         BTABULAR <- paste(BTABULAR,  BCAPTION, caption, ECAPTION,
                           sep = "")
       }
+      if ((!is.null(attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE))) && (type == "latex")) {
+        BTABULAR <- paste(BTABULAR,  BLABEL, attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE), ELABEL,
+                          sep = "")
+      }
+      BTABULAR <- paste(BTABULAR,EHEADER,sep = "")
     }
     ## Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28
     ## add.to.row position -1
@@ -340,8 +348,6 @@ print.xtable <- function(x,
       BSIZE <- paste("\\begingroup", size, "\n", sep = "")
       ESIZE <- "\\endgroup\n"
     }
-    BLABEL <- "\\label{"
-    ELABEL <- "}\n"
     ## Added caption width (jeff.laake@nooa.gov)
     if(!is.null(caption.width)){
       BCAPTION <- paste("\\parbox{",caption.width,"}{",sep="")
@@ -425,13 +431,14 @@ print.xtable <- function(x,
     if ( floating == TRUE ) {
       if ((!is.null(caption)) &&
           (type == "html" ||caption.placement == "top")) {
-        result <- result + BCAPTION + as.string(caption) + ECAPTION
+        result <- result + BCAPTION + caption + ECAPTION
       }
       if (!is.null(attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE)) &&
           (type == "latex" && caption.placement == "top")) {
         result <- result + BLABEL +
           attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE) + ELABEL
       }
+      
     }
     result <- result + BSIZE
     result <- result + BTABULAR
@@ -582,13 +589,14 @@ print.xtable <- function(x,
       ## that bottom caption interferes with a top caption of a longtable
       if(caption.placement == "bottom"){
         if ((!is.null(caption)) && (type == "latex")) {
-          result <- result + BCAPTION + as.string(caption) + ECAPTION
-        }
+          result <- result + BCAPTION + caption + ECAPTION
         }
+      
       if (!is.null(attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE))) {
         result <- result + BLABEL + attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE) +
           ELABEL
       }
+      }
       ETABULAR <- "\\end{longtable}\n"
     }
     result <- result + ETABULAR
@@ -596,7 +604,7 @@ print.xtable <- function(x,
     if ( floating == TRUE ) {
       if ((!is.null(caption)) &&
           (type == "latex" && caption.placement == "bottom")) {
-        result <- result + BCAPTION + as.string(caption) + ECAPTION
+        result <- result + BCAPTION + caption + ECAPTION
       }
       if (!is.null(attr(x, "label", exact = TRUE)) &&
           caption.placement == "bottom") {
@@ -633,19 +641,17 @@ string <- function(text, file = "", append = FALSE) {
 }
 
 as.string <- function(x, file = "", append = FALSE) {
-  if (is.string(x)) {
+  if (is.null(attr(x, "class", exact = TRUE)))
+    switch(data.class(x),
+           character = return(string(x, file, append)),
+           numeric = return(string(as.character(x), file, append)),
+           stop("Cannot coerce argument to a string"))
+  if (class(x) == "string")
     return(x)
-  } else if (is.character(x)) {
-    return(string(x, file, append))
-  } else if (data.class(x) == "numeric") {
-    return(string(as.character(x), file, append))
-  } else {
   stop("Cannot coerce argument to a string")
 }
-}
-
 
 is.string <- function(x) {
-  return(is(x, "string"))
+  return(class(x) == "string")
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/R/xtableList.R b/pkg/R/xtableList.R
index 2402338..b36a83e 100644
--- a/pkg/R/xtableList.R
+++ b/pkg/R/xtableList.R
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ print.xtableList <- function(x,
   hline.after = NULL,
   NA.string = getOption("xtable.NA.string", ""),
   include.rownames = getOption("xtable.include.rownames", TRUE),
-  include.colnames = getOption("xtable.include.colnames", TRUE),
   colnames.format = "single",
   only.contents = getOption("xtable.only.contents", FALSE),
   add.to.row = NULL,
@@ -106,22 +105,21 @@ print.xtableList <- function(x,
     }
     if (colnames.format == "single"){
 
-      ##add.to.row <- list(pos = NULL, command = NULL)
-      pos <- as.list(c(0, combinedRowNums[-length(x)],
+      add.to.row <- list(pos = NULL, command = NULL)
+      add.to.row$pos <- as.list(c(0, combinedRowNums[-length(x)],
                                   dim(combined)[1]))
-        comm <- unlist(sapply(x, attr, "subheading"))
-        command <- vector("character", length(x))
+      command <- sapply(x, attr, "subheading")
 
       for (i in 1:length(x)){
-        if( !is.null(comm[i]) ){
-          command[i] <-
+        if( !is.null(command[[i]]) ){
+          add.to.row$command[i] <-
             paste0(mRule,"\n\\multicolumn{",
                    nCols + include.rownames,
                    "}{l}{",
-                   comm[i],
+                   command[[i]],
                    "}\\\\\n")
         } else {
-          command[i] <- paste0(mRule, "\n")
+          add.to.row$command[i] <- paste0(mRule, "\n")
         }
       }
       ## Changed at request of Russ Lenth
@@ -132,20 +130,16 @@ print.xtableList <- function(x,
         attr(x, "message")[1] <-
           paste0("\\rule{0em}{2.5ex}", attr(x, "message")[1])
       }
-      command[length(x) + 1] <-
+      add.to.row$command[length(x) + 1] <-
         paste0("\n\\multicolumn{", nCols + include.rownames, "}{l}{",
                attr(x, "message"), "}\\\\\n",
                collapse = "")
-      command[length(x) + 1] <-
-        paste0(bRule, command[length(x) + 1])
+      add.to.row$command[length(x) + 1] <-
+        paste0(bRule, add.to.row$command[length(x) + 1])
 
-      add.to.row$pos <- c(add.to.row$pos, pos)
-      add.to.row$command <- c(add.to.row$command, command)
       class(combined) <- c("xtableList", "data.frame")
       hline.after <- c(-1)
-      ## Allow use of own colnames, support request from
-      ## Seunghoon Lee, 26 May 2020
-      ##include.colnames <- TRUE
+      include.colnames <- TRUE
     }
 
     ## Create headings for columns if multiple headings are needed
@@ -165,14 +159,14 @@ print.xtableList <- function(x,
       colHead <- paste0(tRule, "\n", colHead, " \\\\", mRule, "\n")
       add.to.row <- list(pos = NULL, command = NULL)
       add.to.row$pos <- as.list(c(0, c(combinedRowNums[1:length(x)])))
-      command <- unlist(sapply(x, attr, "subheading"))
+      command <- sapply(x, attr, "subheading")
 
 
       add.to.row$command[1] <-
-        if( !is.null(command[1]) ){
+        if( !is.null(command[[1]]) ){
           add.to.row$command[1] <-
             paste0("\n\\multicolumn{", nCols + include.rownames, "}{l}{",
-                   command[1],
+                   command[[1]],
                    "}\\\\ \n", colHead, "\n")
         } else {
           add.to.row$command[1] <- colHead
@@ -180,7 +174,7 @@ print.xtableList <- function(x,
 
       for (i in 2:length(x)) {
         add.to.row$command[i] <-
-          if( !is.null(command[i]) ) {
+          if( !is.null(command[[i]]) ) {
             paste0(bRule,
                    "\\\\ \n\\multicolumn{",
                    nCols + include.rownames, "}{l}{",
diff --git a/pkg/tests/test.xtable.print.R b/pkg/tests/test.xtable.print.R
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f8aeda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/tests/test.xtable.print.R
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+library(xtable)
+data("iris")
+xt <-xtable(iris, caption="iris",label = "tab:irirs")
+print(xt , tabular.environment="longtable", floating = FALSE, include.rownames=FALSE, caption.placement = "top")
+
+## Output should be
+# % latex table generated in R 4.0.4 by xtable 1.8-4 package
+# % Thu May 26 10:35:07 2022
+# \begin{longtable}{rrrrl}
+# \caption{iris} 
+# \label{tab:irirs}
+# \\  \hline
+# Sepal.Length & Sepal.Width & Petal.Length & Petal.Width & Species \\ 
+# \hline
+# 5.10 & 3.50 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.90 & 3.00 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.70 & 3.20 & 1.30 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.60 & 3.10 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.00 & 3.60 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.40 & 3.90 & 1.70 & 0.40 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.60 & 3.40 & 1.40 & 0.30 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.00 & 3.40 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.40 & 2.90 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.90 & 3.10 & 1.50 & 0.10 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.40 & 3.70 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.80 & 3.40 & 1.60 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.80 & 3.00 & 1.40 & 0.10 & setosa \\ 
+# 4.30 & 3.00 & 1.10 & 0.10 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.80 & 4.00 & 1.20 & 0.20 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.70 & 4.40 & 1.50 & 0.40 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.40 & 3.90 & 1.30 & 0.40 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.10 & 3.50 & 1.40 & 0.30 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.70 & 3.80 & 1.70 & 0.30 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.10 & 3.80 & 1.50 & 0.30 & setosa \\ 
+# 5.40 & 3.40 & 1.70 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.10 & 3.70 & 1.50 & 0.40 & setosa \\
+# 4.60 & 3.60 & 1.00 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.10 & 3.30 & 1.70 & 0.50 & setosa \\
+# 4.80 & 3.40 & 1.90 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.00 & 3.00 & 1.60 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.00 & 3.40 & 1.60 & 0.40 & setosa \\
+# 5.20 & 3.50 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.20 & 3.40 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 4.70 & 3.20 & 1.60 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 4.80 & 3.10 & 1.60 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.40 & 3.40 & 1.50 & 0.40 & setosa \\
+# 5.20 & 4.10 & 1.50 & 0.10 & setosa \\
+# 5.50 & 4.20 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 4.90 & 3.10 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.00 & 3.20 & 1.20 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.50 & 3.50 & 1.30 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 4.90 & 3.60 & 1.40 & 0.10 & setosa \\
+# 4.40 & 3.00 & 1.30 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.10 & 3.40 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.00 & 3.50 & 1.30 & 0.30 & setosa \\
+# 4.50 & 2.30 & 1.30 & 0.30 & setosa \\
+# 4.40 & 3.20 & 1.30 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.00 & 3.50 & 1.60 & 0.60 & setosa \\
+# 5.10 & 3.80 & 1.90 & 0.40 & setosa \\
+# 4.80 & 3.00 & 1.40 & 0.30 & setosa \\
+# 5.10 & 3.80 & 1.60 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 4.60 & 3.20 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.30 & 3.70 & 1.50 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 5.00 & 3.30 & 1.40 & 0.20 & setosa \\
+# 7.00 & 3.20 & 4.70 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 6.40 & 3.20 & 4.50 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 6.90 & 3.10 & 4.90 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 5.50 & 2.30 & 4.00 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.50 & 2.80 & 4.60 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 5.70 & 2.80 & 4.50 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.30 & 3.30 & 4.70 & 1.60 & versicolor \\
+# 4.90 & 2.40 & 3.30 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 6.60 & 2.90 & 4.60 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 5.20 & 2.70 & 3.90 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 5.00 & 2.00 & 3.50 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 5.90 & 3.00 & 4.20 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 6.00 & 2.20 & 4.00 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 6.10 & 2.90 & 4.70 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 5.60 & 2.90 & 3.60 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.70 & 3.10 & 4.40 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 5.60 & 3.00 & 4.50 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 5.80 & 2.70 & 4.10 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 6.20 & 2.20 & 4.50 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 5.60 & 2.50 & 3.90 & 1.10 & versicolor \\
+# 5.90 & 3.20 & 4.80 & 1.80 & versicolor \\
+# 6.10 & 2.80 & 4.00 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.30 & 2.50 & 4.90 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 6.10 & 2.80 & 4.70 & 1.20 & versicolor \\
+# 6.40 & 2.90 & 4.30 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.60 & 3.00 & 4.40 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 6.80 & 2.80 & 4.80 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 6.70 & 3.00 & 5.00 & 1.70 & versicolor \\
+# 6.00 & 2.90 & 4.50 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 5.70 & 2.60 & 3.50 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 5.50 & 2.40 & 3.80 & 1.10 & versicolor \\
+# 5.50 & 2.40 & 3.70 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 5.80 & 2.70 & 3.90 & 1.20 & versicolor \\
+# 6.00 & 2.70 & 5.10 & 1.60 & versicolor \\
+# 5.40 & 3.00 & 4.50 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 6.00 & 3.40 & 4.50 & 1.60 & versicolor \\
+# 6.70 & 3.10 & 4.70 & 1.50 & versicolor \\
+# 6.30 & 2.30 & 4.40 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 5.60 & 3.00 & 4.10 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 5.50 & 2.50 & 4.00 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 5.50 & 2.60 & 4.40 & 1.20 & versicolor \\
+# 6.10 & 3.00 & 4.60 & 1.40 & versicolor \\
+# 5.80 & 2.60 & 4.00 & 1.20 & versicolor \\
+# 5.00 & 2.30 & 3.30 & 1.00 & versicolor \\
+# 5.60 & 2.70 & 4.20 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 5.70 & 3.00 & 4.20 & 1.20 & versicolor \\
+# 5.70 & 2.90 & 4.20 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.20 & 2.90 & 4.30 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 5.10 & 2.50 & 3.00 & 1.10 & versicolor \\
+# 5.70 & 2.80 & 4.10 & 1.30 & versicolor \\
+# 6.30 & 3.30 & 6.00 & 2.50 & virginica \\
+# 5.80 & 2.70 & 5.10 & 1.90 & virginica \\
+# 7.10 & 3.00 & 5.90 & 2.10 & virginica \\
+# 6.30 & 2.90 & 5.60 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.50 & 3.00 & 5.80 & 2.20 & virginica \\
+# 7.60 & 3.00 & 6.60 & 2.10 & virginica \\
+# 4.90 & 2.50 & 4.50 & 1.70 & virginica \\
+# 7.30 & 2.90 & 6.30 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.70 & 2.50 & 5.80 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 7.20 & 3.60 & 6.10 & 2.50 & virginica \\
+# 6.50 & 3.20 & 5.10 & 2.00 & virginica \\
+# 6.40 & 2.70 & 5.30 & 1.90 & virginica \\
+# 6.80 & 3.00 & 5.50 & 2.10 & virginica \\
+# 5.70 & 2.50 & 5.00 & 2.00 & virginica \\
+# 5.80 & 2.80 & 5.10 & 2.40 & virginica \\
+# 6.40 & 3.20 & 5.30 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 6.50 & 3.00 & 5.50 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 7.70 & 3.80 & 6.70 & 2.20 & virginica \\
+# 7.70 & 2.60 & 6.90 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 6.00 & 2.20 & 5.00 & 1.50 & virginica \\
+# 6.90 & 3.20 & 5.70 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 5.60 & 2.80 & 4.90 & 2.00 & virginica \\
+# 7.70 & 2.80 & 6.70 & 2.00 & virginica \\
+# 6.30 & 2.70 & 4.90 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.70 & 3.30 & 5.70 & 2.10 & virginica \\
+# 7.20 & 3.20 & 6.00 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.20 & 2.80 & 4.80 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.10 & 3.00 & 4.90 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.40 & 2.80 & 5.60 & 2.10 & virginica \\
+# 7.20 & 3.00 & 5.80 & 1.60 & virginica \\
+# 7.40 & 2.80 & 6.10 & 1.90 & virginica \\
+# 7.90 & 3.80 & 6.40 & 2.00 & virginica \\
+# 6.40 & 2.80 & 5.60 & 2.20 & virginica \\
+# 6.30 & 2.80 & 5.10 & 1.50 & virginica \\
+# 6.10 & 2.60 & 5.60 & 1.40 & virginica \\
+# 7.70 & 3.00 & 6.10 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 6.30 & 3.40 & 5.60 & 2.40 & virginica \\
+# 6.40 & 3.10 & 5.50 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.00 & 3.00 & 4.80 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# 6.90 & 3.10 & 5.40 & 2.10 & virginica \\
+# 6.70 & 3.10 & 5.60 & 2.40 & virginica \\
+# 6.90 & 3.10 & 5.10 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 5.80 & 2.70 & 5.10 & 1.90 & virginica \\
+# 6.80 & 3.20 & 5.90 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 6.70 & 3.30 & 5.70 & 2.50 & virginica \\
+# 6.70 & 3.00 & 5.20 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 6.30 & 2.50 & 5.00 & 1.90 & virginica \\
+# 6.50 & 3.00 & 5.20 & 2.00 & virginica \\
+# 6.20 & 3.40 & 5.40 & 2.30 & virginica \\
+# 5.90 & 3.00 & 5.10 & 1.80 & virginica \\
+# \hline
+# \hline
+# \end{longtable}
\ No newline at end of file